World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://wjon.elmerpub.com

Original Article

Volume 17, Number 4, August 2026, pages 572-587

Divergent Prognostic Impact of Histopathological Features and Combined Hematological–Biochemical Indices in Rectal Versus Colorectal Cancer: A Single-Center Study

↓ Figure 1. Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival in rectal cancer patients grouped by perineural invasion. PNI: prognostic nutritional index.

↓ **Table 1.** Characteristics of Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer
Characteristics of patients	Colorectal cancer, n (%)	Rectal cancer, n (%)
^aData are shown as median (minimum–maximum). ^bData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^cmGPS 0 (CRP ≤ 10, Alb ≥ 35), mGPS 1 (CRP ≤ 10, Alb < 35 or CRP > 10, Alb ≥ 35), mGPS 2 (CRP > 10, Alb < 35). ^dPatients were grouped as mGPS 1–2. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; RLR: red cell distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio; MPR: mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score; Alb: albumin.
Sex
Male	63 (56.8)	18 (62.1)
Age (years)^a	67 (32−88)	65 (44–81)
ASA score
1	18 (16.2)	8 (27.6)
2	50 (45.0)	14 (48.3)
3	43 (38.7)	7 (24.1)
4	0 (0)	0 (0)
5	0 (0)	0 (0)
Hematological/biochemical values and indexes^b
Leukocytes (× 10⁹/L)	7 (5.70−8.4)	6.00 (4.93–7.35)
Erythrocytes (× 10⁹/L)	4.51 (4.17−4.88)	4.54 (4.18–4.81)
Platelets (× 10⁹/L)	293 (243−377)	252 (193.5–374.5)
Neutrophils (× 10⁹/L)	4.72 (3.78−5.85)	3.95 (2.93–5.04)
Lymphocytes (× 10⁹/L)	1.47 (1.14−1.94)	1.44 (0.91–1.78)
Monocytes (× 10⁹/L)	0.35 (0.28−0.44)	0.32 (0.28–0.43)
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	12.10 (10.40−13.60)	12.40 (11.25–14.15)
Hematocrit (%)	37.70 (33.60−41.80)	38.50 (35.95–42.7)
RBC (RDW-CV) (%)	14.6 (13.3−17.4)	14.20 (13.20–16.35)
Serum albumin (g/L)	39 (35.00−42.00)	40 (36.00–43.00)
CRP (mg/mL)	4.80 (2.00−17.10)	3.50 (1.30–5.10)
CEA (ng/mL)	3.37 (2.02−9.11)	3.49 (2.21–6.40)
CA 19-9 (U/mL)	11.44 (6.28−28.46)	9.34 (6.15–31.40)
NLR	3.09 (2.21−4.54)	2.85 (1.77–4.62)
MLR	0.23 (0.18−0.32)	0.22 (0.17–0.36)
PLR	190.63 (141.60−276.14)	177.38 (140.94–267.73)
RLR	10.23 (7.62−14.1)	10.43 (7.83–15.07)
MPR	0.03 (0.02−0.04)	0.04 (0.03–0.05)
CAR	0.12 (0.05−0.45)	0.08 (0.03–0.13)
PNI	46.56 (42.30−50.85)	46.90 (42.33–51.30)
LANR	12.43 (7.78−17.76)	13.02 (8.86–20.88)
mGPS^c
0	66 (59.5)	22 (75.9)
1	31 (27.9)	7 (24.1)^d
2	14 (12.6)

↓ Table 1. Characteristics of Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer

Characteristics of patients

Colorectal cancer, n (%)

Rectal cancer, n (%)

^aData are shown as median (minimum–maximum). ^bData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^cmGPS 0 (CRP ≤ 10, Alb ≥ 35), mGPS 1 (CRP ≤ 10, Alb < 35 or CRP > 10, Alb ≥ 35), mGPS 2 (CRP > 10, Alb < 35). ^dPatients were grouped as mGPS 1–2. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; RLR: red cell distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio; MPR: mean platelet volume-to-platelet ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score; Alb: albumin.

Sex

Male

63 (56.8)

18 (62.1)

Age (years)^a

67 (32−88)

65 (44–81)

ASA score

18 (16.2)

8 (27.6)

50 (45.0)

14 (48.3)

43 (38.7)

7 (24.1)

0 (0)

Hematological/biochemical values and indexes^b

Leukocytes (× 10⁹/L)

7 (5.70−8.4)

6.00 (4.93–7.35)

Erythrocytes (× 10⁹/L)

4.51 (4.17−4.88)

4.54 (4.18–4.81)

Platelets (× 10⁹/L)

293 (243−377)

252 (193.5–374.5)

Neutrophils (× 10⁹/L)

4.72 (3.78−5.85)

3.95 (2.93–5.04)

Lymphocytes (× 10⁹/L)

1.47 (1.14−1.94)

1.44 (0.91–1.78)

Monocytes (× 10⁹/L)

0.35 (0.28−0.44)

0.32 (0.28–0.43)

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.10 (10.40−13.60)

12.40 (11.25–14.15)

Hematocrit (%)

37.70 (33.60−41.80)

38.50 (35.95–42.7)

RBC (RDW-CV) (%)

14.6 (13.3−17.4)

14.20 (13.20–16.35)

Serum albumin (g/L)

39 (35.00−42.00)

40 (36.00–43.00)

CRP (mg/mL)

4.80 (2.00−17.10)

3.50 (1.30–5.10)

CEA (ng/mL)

3.37 (2.02−9.11)

3.49 (2.21–6.40)

CA 19-9 (U/mL)

11.44 (6.28−28.46)

9.34 (6.15–31.40)

NLR

3.09 (2.21−4.54)

2.85 (1.77–4.62)

MLR

0.23 (0.18−0.32)

0.22 (0.17–0.36)

PLR

190.63 (141.60−276.14)

177.38 (140.94–267.73)

RLR

10.23 (7.62−14.1)

10.43 (7.83–15.07)

MPR

0.03 (0.02−0.04)

0.04 (0.03–0.05)

CAR

0.12 (0.05−0.45)

0.08 (0.03–0.13)

PNI

46.56 (42.30−50.85)

46.90 (42.33–51.30)

LANR

12.43 (7.78−17.76)

13.02 (8.86–20.88)

mGPS^c

66 (59.5)

22 (75.9)

31 (27.9)

7 (24.1)^d

14 (12.6)

↓ **Table 2.** Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Overall Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer
	Colorectal cancer death	Rectal cancer death
^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). ^aP values were calculated by the Chi-square test. ^bP values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney test. ^cData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^dPatients were categorized into two groups as mGPS 0 and mGPS 1–2. ^ePatients were categorized into two groups as without and easy to moderate/expressed PTL response. ^fPatients were categorized into two groups as C–D classification I and C–D II, III, IV, V. TIL: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CT: chemotherapy; CRT: chemoradiotherapy; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.
Sex			0.300^a			0.375^a
Male	44 (60.3)	19 (50)		15 (68.2)	3 (42.9)
Female	29 (39.7)	19 (50)		7 (31.8)	4 (57.1)
ASA score			0.248^a			0.935^a
1	11 (15.1)	7 (18.4)		6 (27.3)	2 (28.6)
2	37 (50.7)	13 (34.2)		11 (50)	3 (42.9)
3	25 (34.2)	18 (47.4)		5 (22.7)	2 (28.6)
4	—	—		—	—
5	—	—		—	—
Diabetes mellitus	21 (28.8)	8 (21.1)	0.380^a	4 (18.2)	1 (14.3)	0.653^a
Arterial hypertension	53 (72.6)	28 (73.7)	0.903^a	14 (63.6)	5 (71.4)	0.541^a
Leukocytes^c	6.9 (5.80−8.10)	7.65 (5.6−8.8)	0.218^b	5.93 (5.10–6.80)	6.9 (4.10–8.50)	0.610^b
Erythrocytes^c	4.55 (4.29−4.89)	4.3 (3.88−4.79)	0.059^b	4.57 (4.36–4.81)	4.20 (3.93–4.58)	0.194^b
Platelets^c	282 (228−373)	317 (258−389)	0.090^b	233 (192–321)	389 (314–428)	0.011*^b
Neutrophils^c	4.59 (3.78−5.66)	5.18 (3.84−7.12)	0.196^b	3.89 (3.23–4.55)	4.58 (2.65–7.20)	0.610^b
Lymphocytes^c	1.54 (1.25−1.94)	1.33 (1.05−1.84)	0.254^b	1.49 (1.03–1.78)	0.99 (0.88–1.78)	0.475^b
Monocytes^c	0.34 (0.29−0.42)	0.35 (0.26−0.48)	0.751^b	0.32 (0.28–0.38)	0.34 (0.22–0.44)	0.878^b
NLR^c	2.89 (2.22−4.44)	3.73 (2.21−4.8)	0.160^b	2.84 (1.72–4.44)	3.01 (2.0–8.57)	0.508^b
MLR^c	0.22 (0.17−0.29)	0.25 (0.19−0.35)	0.234^b	0.21 (0.16–0.37)	0.27 (0.21–0.35)	0.359^b
PLR^c	188.3 (138.14−235.62)	211.64 (153.26−324.6)	0.056*^b	154.9 (131.95–109.5)	259.2 (183.84–465.2)	0.013^b
CRP^c	3.5 (1.7−9.8)	10.3 (4−34.9)	0.001*^b	3.0 (1.3–4.0)	6.7 (1.3–34.9)	0.132^b
Serum albumin^c	40 (36−42)	37 (33−41)	0.005*^b	41 (37–43)	36 (35–42)	0.209^b
Hemoglobin^c	12.4 (10.8−13.7)	11 (9.4−12.9)	0.037*^b	13.1 (11.8–14.2)	11.0 (8.6–12.8)	0.059^b
Hematocrit^c	38.6 (35.2−41.9)	35.2 (31.9−41.7)	0.027*^b	39.7 (37.5–43.0)	35.8 (29.2–38.1)	0.041*^b
RBC (RDW-CV)^c	14.2 (13.2−16.7	14.9 (14−19.8)	0.041*^b	13.5 (13.1–15.8)	14.9 (14.6–19.4)	0.039*^b
CAR^c	0.08 (0.04−0.24)	0.257 (0.11−0.85)	0.001*^b	0.077 (0.033–0.093)	0.164 (0.037–0.851)	0.093^b
PNI^c	47.3 (43.8−51.25)	54.1 (39.6−48.6)	0.013*^b	46.63 (43.5–51.45)	45.2 (39.4–48.6)	0.359^b
LANR^c	13.27 (8.86−18.9)	9.85 (7.09−16.28)	0.043*^b	13.58 (8.86–22.52)	11.62 (4.78–17.92)	0.241^b
CEA^c	2.99 (1.88−6.48)	5.2 (2.41−10.05)	0.030*^b	3.5 (2.30–9.86)	3.23 (2.10–6.11)	0.460^b
CA 19−9^c	10.41 (6.4−27.59)	14.33 (6.22−37.16)	0.230^b	9.21 (6.52–31.10)	10.95 (4.98–37.16)	0.541^b
mGPS			0.003*^a
0	50 (68.5)	16 (42.1)		17 (77.3)^d	5 (71.4)^d	0.753^a
1	19 (26)	12 (31.6)		5 (22.7)^d	2 (28.6)^d
2	4 (5.5)	10 (26.3)
Max diameter of tumor^c	40 (30−55)	40 (30−55)	0.741^a	40 (25–55)	45 (35–65)	0.271^a
T status			0.032*			0.028*
T1/T2	28 (38.4)	7 (18.4)		10 (45.5)	0 (0)
T3/T4	45 (61.6)	31 (81.6)		12 (54.5)	7 (100)
TNM stage			0.009*^a			0.374^a
I/II	46 (63)	14 (36.8)		13 (59.1)	3 (42.9)
III/IV	27 (37)	24 (63.2)		9 (40.9)	4 (57.1)
Number of lymph nodes^c	17 (12−21)	14 (12−17)	0.120^a	13 (11–18)	11 (10–18)	0.329^a
Positive lymph nodes^c	0 (0−1)	2 (0−5)	0.003*^b	0 (0–1)	0 (0–6)	0.489^b
Lymph node ratio (LNR)	0 (0−0.048)	0.113 (0−0.353)	0.001*^b	0 (0−0.148)	0.113 (0−0.268)	0.417^b
Tumor configuration			0.262^a			0.353^a
Exophytic	29 (39.7)	11 (28.9)		7 (31.8)	1 (14.3)
Endophytic	44 (60.3)	27 (71.1)		15 (68.2)	6 (85.7)
TIL			0.380^a			0.545^a
Without/easy to moderate	52 (71.2)	30 (78.9)		17 (77.3)	6 (85.7)
Expressed	21 (28.8)	8 (21.1)		5 (2.7)	1 (14.3)
PTL response			0.019*^a			0.647^a
Without	14 (19.2)	12 (31.6)		6 (27.3)^e	2 (28.6)^e
Easy to moderate	43 (58.9)	25 (65.8)		16 (72.7)^e	5 (71.4)^e
Expressed	16 (21.9)	1 (2.6)
Mucosal component of the tumor			0.401^a			0.459^a
Yes	23 (31.5)	15 (39.5)		7 (31.8)	3 (42.9)
No	50 (68.5)	23 (60.5)		15 (68.2)	4 (57.1)
Lymphovascular invasion			0.205^a			0.758^a
Yes	45 (61.6)	28 (73.7)		14 (63.6)	4 (57.1)
No	28 (38.4)	10 (26.3)		8 (36.4)	3 (42.9)
Venous invasion			0.015*^a			0.009*^a
Yes	0 (0)	3 (7.9)		0 (0.0)	2 (28.6)
No	73 (100)	35 (92.1)		22 (100)	5 (71.4)
Perineural invasion			0.001*^a			0.003^a
Yes	10 (13.7)	16 (42.1)		2 (9.1)	5 (71.4)
No	63 (86.3)	22 (57.9)		20 (90.9)	2 (28.6)
Tumor deposits			0.001*^a			0.184^a
Yes	7 (9.6)	13 (34.2)		4 (18.2)	3 (42.9)
No	66 (90.4)	25 (65.8)		18 (81.8)	4 (57.1)
Tumor budding			0.037*^a			0.121^a
Yes	55 (75.3)	34 (91.9)		16 (72.7)	7 (100.0)
No	18 (24.7)	3 (8.1)		6 (27.3)	0 (0)
Tumor growth			0.113^a			0.484^a
Expansive	32 (44.4)	11 (28.9)		6 (27.3)	1 (14.3)
Infiltrative	40 (55.6)	27 (71.1)		16 (72.7)	6 (85.7)
C–D classification			0.003*^a			0.159^a
I	38 (52.1)	8 (21.1)		13 (59.1)^f	2 (28.6)^f
II	30 (41.1)	22 (57.9)		9 (40.9)^f	5 (71.4)^f
III, IV, V	5 (6.8)	8 (21.1)
Adjuvant CT			0.644^a			0.631^a
Yes	20 (27.4)	12 (31.6)		9 (40.9)	3 (42.9)
No	53 (72.6)	26 (68.4)		13 (59.1)	4 (57.1)
Neoadjuvant CRT			0.619^a			0.455^a
Yes	4 (5.5)	3 (7.9)		4 (18.2)	2 (28.6)
No	69 (94.5)	35 (92.1)		18 (81.8)	5 (71.4)

↓ Table 2. Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Overall Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer death

Rectal cancer death

No, n (%)

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

Yes, n (%)

^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). ^aP values were calculated by the Chi-square test. ^bP values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney test. ^cData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^dPatients were categorized into two groups as mGPS 0 and mGPS 1–2. ^ePatients were categorized into two groups as without and easy to moderate/expressed PTL response. ^fPatients were categorized into two groups as C–D classification I and C–D II, III, IV, V. TIL: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CT: chemotherapy; CRT: chemoradiotherapy; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.

Sex

0.300^a

0.375^a

Male

44 (60.3)

19 (50)

15 (68.2)

3 (42.9)

Female

29 (39.7)

19 (50)

7 (31.8)

4 (57.1)

ASA score

0.248^a

0.935^a

11 (15.1)

7 (18.4)

6 (27.3)

2 (28.6)

37 (50.7)

13 (34.2)

11 (50)

3 (42.9)

25 (34.2)

18 (47.4)

5 (22.7)

2 (28.6)

—

Diabetes mellitus

21 (28.8)

8 (21.1)

0.380^a

4 (18.2)

1 (14.3)

0.653^a

Arterial hypertension

53 (72.6)

28 (73.7)

0.903^a

14 (63.6)

5 (71.4)

0.541^a

Leukocytes^c

6.9 (5.80−8.10)

7.65 (5.6−8.8)

0.218^b

5.93 (5.10–6.80)

6.9 (4.10–8.50)

0.610^b

Erythrocytes^c

4.55 (4.29−4.89)

4.3 (3.88−4.79)

0.059^b

4.57 (4.36–4.81)

4.20 (3.93–4.58)

0.194^b

Platelets^c

282 (228−373)

317 (258−389)

0.090^b

233 (192–321)

389 (314–428)

0.011*^b

Neutrophils^c

4.59 (3.78−5.66)

5.18 (3.84−7.12)

0.196^b

3.89 (3.23–4.55)

4.58 (2.65–7.20)

0.610^b

Lymphocytes^c

1.54 (1.25−1.94)

1.33 (1.05−1.84)

0.254^b

1.49 (1.03–1.78)

0.99 (0.88–1.78)

0.475^b

Monocytes^c

0.34 (0.29−0.42)

0.35 (0.26−0.48)

0.751^b

0.32 (0.28–0.38)

0.34 (0.22–0.44)

0.878^b

NLR^c

2.89 (2.22−4.44)

3.73 (2.21−4.8)

0.160^b

2.84 (1.72–4.44)

3.01 (2.0–8.57)

0.508^b

MLR^c

0.22 (0.17−0.29)

0.25 (0.19−0.35)

0.234^b

0.21 (0.16–0.37)

0.27 (0.21–0.35)

0.359^b

PLR^c

188.3 (138.14−235.62)

211.64 (153.26−324.6)

0.056*^b

154.9 (131.95–109.5)

259.2 (183.84–465.2)

0.013^b

CRP^c

3.5 (1.7−9.8)

10.3 (4−34.9)

0.001*^b

3.0 (1.3–4.0)

6.7 (1.3–34.9)

0.132^b

Serum albumin^c

40 (36−42)

37 (33−41)

0.005*^b

41 (37–43)

36 (35–42)

0.209^b

Hemoglobin^c

12.4 (10.8−13.7)

11 (9.4−12.9)

0.037*^b

13.1 (11.8–14.2)

11.0 (8.6–12.8)

0.059^b

Hematocrit^c

38.6 (35.2−41.9)

35.2 (31.9−41.7)

0.027*^b

39.7 (37.5–43.0)

35.8 (29.2–38.1)

0.041*^b

RBC (RDW-CV)^c

14.2 (13.2−16.7

14.9 (14−19.8)

0.041*^b

13.5 (13.1–15.8)

14.9 (14.6–19.4)

0.039*^b

CAR^c

0.08 (0.04−0.24)

0.257 (0.11−0.85)

0.001*^b

0.077 (0.033–0.093)

0.164 (0.037–0.851)

0.093^b

PNI^c

47.3 (43.8−51.25)

54.1 (39.6−48.6)

0.013*^b

46.63 (43.5–51.45)

45.2 (39.4–48.6)

0.359^b

LANR^c

13.27 (8.86−18.9)

9.85 (7.09−16.28)

0.043*^b

13.58 (8.86–22.52)

11.62 (4.78–17.92)

0.241^b

CEA^c

2.99 (1.88−6.48)

5.2 (2.41−10.05)

0.030*^b

3.5 (2.30–9.86)

3.23 (2.10–6.11)

0.460^b

CA 19−9^c

10.41 (6.4−27.59)

14.33 (6.22−37.16)

0.230^b

9.21 (6.52–31.10)

10.95 (4.98–37.16)

0.541^b

mGPS

0.003*^a

50 (68.5)

16 (42.1)

17 (77.3)^d

5 (71.4)^d

0.753^a

19 (26)

12 (31.6)

5 (22.7)^d

2 (28.6)^d

4 (5.5)

10 (26.3)

Max diameter of tumor^c

40 (30−55)

0.741^a

40 (25–55)

45 (35–65)

0.271^a

T status

0.032*

0.028*

T1/T2

28 (38.4)

7 (18.4)

10 (45.5)

0 (0)

T3/T4

45 (61.6)

31 (81.6)

12 (54.5)

7 (100)

TNM stage

0.009*^a

0.374^a

I/II

46 (63)

14 (36.8)

13 (59.1)

3 (42.9)

III/IV

27 (37)

24 (63.2)

9 (40.9)

4 (57.1)

Number of lymph nodes^c

17 (12−21)

14 (12−17)

0.120^a

13 (11–18)

11 (10–18)

0.329^a

Positive lymph nodes^c

0 (0−1)

2 (0−5)

0.003*^b

0 (0–1)

0 (0–6)

0.489^b

Lymph node ratio (LNR)

0 (0−0.048)

0.113 (0−0.353)

0.001*^b

0 (0−0.148)

0.113 (0−0.268)

0.417^b

Tumor configuration

0.262^a

0.353^a

Exophytic

29 (39.7)

11 (28.9)

7 (31.8)

1 (14.3)

Endophytic

44 (60.3)

27 (71.1)

15 (68.2)

6 (85.7)

TIL

0.380^a

0.545^a

Without/easy to moderate

52 (71.2)

30 (78.9)

17 (77.3)

6 (85.7)

Expressed

21 (28.8)

8 (21.1)

5 (2.7)

1 (14.3)

PTL response

0.019*^a

0.647^a

Without

14 (19.2)

12 (31.6)

6 (27.3)^e

2 (28.6)^e

Easy to moderate

43 (58.9)

25 (65.8)

16 (72.7)^e

5 (71.4)^e

Expressed

16 (21.9)

1 (2.6)

Mucosal component of the tumor

0.401^a

0.459^a

Yes

23 (31.5)

15 (39.5)

7 (31.8)

3 (42.9)

50 (68.5)

23 (60.5)

15 (68.2)

4 (57.1)

Lymphovascular invasion

0.205^a

0.758^a

Yes

45 (61.6)

28 (73.7)

14 (63.6)

4 (57.1)

28 (38.4)

10 (26.3)

8 (36.4)

3 (42.9)

Venous invasion

0.015*^a

0.009*^a

Yes

0 (0)

3 (7.9)

0 (0.0)

2 (28.6)

73 (100)

35 (92.1)

22 (100)

5 (71.4)

Perineural invasion

0.001*^a

0.003^a

Yes

10 (13.7)

16 (42.1)

2 (9.1)

5 (71.4)

63 (86.3)

22 (57.9)

20 (90.9)

2 (28.6)

Tumor deposits

0.001*^a

0.184^a

Yes

7 (9.6)

13 (34.2)

4 (18.2)

3 (42.9)

66 (90.4)

25 (65.8)

18 (81.8)

4 (57.1)

Tumor budding

0.037*^a

0.121^a

Yes

55 (75.3)

34 (91.9)

16 (72.7)

7 (100.0)

18 (24.7)

3 (8.1)

6 (27.3)

0 (0)

Tumor growth

0.113^a

0.484^a

Expansive

32 (44.4)

11 (28.9)

6 (27.3)

1 (14.3)

Infiltrative

40 (55.6)

27 (71.1)

16 (72.7)

6 (85.7)

C–D classification

0.003*^a

0.159^a

38 (52.1)

8 (21.1)

13 (59.1)^f

2 (28.6)^f

30 (41.1)

22 (57.9)

9 (40.9)^f

5 (71.4)^f

III, IV, V

5 (6.8)

8 (21.1)

Adjuvant CT

0.644^a

0.631^a

Yes

20 (27.4)

12 (31.6)

9 (40.9)

3 (42.9)

53 (72.6)

26 (68.4)

13 (59.1)

4 (57.1)

Neoadjuvant CRT

0.619^a

0.455^a

Yes

4 (5.5)

3 (7.9)

4 (18.2)

2 (28.6)

69 (94.5)

35 (92.1)

18 (81.8)

5 (71.4)

↓ **Table 3.** Cox Regression Analysis for Overall Survival in Colorectal and Rectal Cancer Patients
Variable	Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysis
^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). ^aTNM stage adopted binary classification (I/II vs. III/IV). HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; LNR: lymph node ratio; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.
Colorectal cancer
TNM stage (III/IV)^a	2.430	1.254–4.711	0.009*		—	—
LNR	16.706	4.890–57.074	< 0.001*	6.862	1.635–28.808	0.009*
PTL response	0.531	0.317–0.890	0.016*	—	—	—
Perineural invasion (presence)	2.988	1.563–5.709	0.001*	—	—	—
Tumor deposits (presence)	3.254	1.652–6.409	0.001*	3.089	1.447–6.593	0.004*
Tumor budding (presence)	3.233	0.992–10.540	0.052*	—	—	—
C–D classification (gradus III, IV, V)	2.528	1.574–4.061	< 0.001*	2.609	1.437–4.737	0.002*
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	0.844	0.723–0.985	0.031*	—	—	—
Hematocrit (%)	0.938	0.885–0.994	0.030*	—	—	—
CRP (mg/L)	1.009	1.003–1.016	0.006*	—	—	—
Serum albumin (g/L)	0.897	0.843–0.955	0.001*	—	—	—
CEA (ng/mL)	1.010	1.000–1.019	0.041*	—	—	—
PLR	1.002	1.00–1.005	0.045*	—	—	—
LANR	0.946	0.898–0.996	0.035*	—	—	—
CAR	1.335	1.102–1.617	0.003*	—	—	—
PNI	0.924	0.877–0.974	0.003*		—	—
mGPS 2	2.145	1.431–3.215	< 0.001*	2.188	1.413–3.387	< 0.001*
Rectal cancer
Perineural invasion (presence)	12.389	2.345–65.452	0.003*	25.125	2.928–218.620	0.003*
PLR	1.003	1.000–1.007	0.060	1.007	1.001–1.013	0.025*

↓ Table 3. Cox Regression Analysis for Overall Survival in Colorectal and Rectal Cancer Patients

Variable

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

95% CI

^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). ^aTNM stage adopted binary classification (I/II vs. III/IV). HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; LNR: lymph node ratio; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.

Colorectal cancer

TNM stage (III/IV)^a

2.430

1.254–4.711

0.009*

—

LNR

16.706

4.890–57.074

< 0.001*

6.862

1.635–28.808

0.009*

PTL response

0.531

0.317–0.890

0.016*

—

Perineural invasion (presence)

2.988

1.563–5.709

0.001*

—

Tumor deposits (presence)

3.254

1.652–6.409

0.001*

3.089

1.447–6.593

0.004*

Tumor budding (presence)

3.233

0.992–10.540

0.052*

—

C–D classification (gradus III, IV, V)

2.528

1.574–4.061

< 0.001*

2.609

1.437–4.737

0.002*

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

0.844

0.723–0.985

0.031*

—

Hematocrit (%)

0.938

0.885–0.994

0.030*

—

CRP (mg/L)

1.009

1.003–1.016

0.006*

—

Serum albumin (g/L)

0.897

0.843–0.955

0.001*

—

CEA (ng/mL)

1.010

1.000–1.019

0.041*

—

PLR

1.002

1.00–1.005

0.045*

—

LANR

0.946

0.898–0.996

0.035*

—

CAR

1.335

1.102–1.617

0.003*

—

PNI

0.924

0.877–0.974

0.003*

—

mGPS 2

2.145

1.431–3.215

< 0.001*

2.188

1.413–3.387

< 0.001*

Rectal cancer

Perineural invasion (presence)

12.389

2.345–65.452

0.003*

25.125

2.928–218.620

0.003*

PLR

1.003

1.000–1.007

0.060

1.007

1.001–1.013

0.025*

↓ **Table 4.** Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer
	Colorectal cancer relapse	Rectal cancer relapse
^aP values were calculated by the Chi-square test. ^bP values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney test. ^cData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^dPatients were categorized into two groups as mGPS 0 and mGPS 1-2. ^ePatients were categorized into two groups as without and easy to moderate/expressed PTL response. ^fPatients were categorized into two groups as C–D classification I and C–D II, III, IV, V. ^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). TIL: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CT: chemotherapy; CRT: chemoradiotherapy; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.
Sex			0.892			0.758
Male	41 (57.7)	16 (59.3)		14 (63.6)	4 (57.1)
Female	30 (42.3)	11 (40.7)		8 (36.4)	3 (42.9)
ASA score			0.032*^a			0.196
1	9 (12.7)	8 (29.6)		6 (27.3)	2 (28.6)
2	31 (43.7)	14 (51.9)		9 (40.9)	5 (71.4)
3	31 (43.7)	5 (18.5)		7 (31.8)	0 (0.0)
4	—	—		—	—
5	—	—		—	—
Diabetes mellitus	21 (29.6)	5 (18.5)	0.268^a	5 (22.7)	0 (0.0)	0.166
Arterial hypertension	53 (74.6)	17 (63.0)	0.253^a	14 (63.6)	5 (71.4)	0.706
Leukocytes^c	7 (5.88–8.1)	7.7 (5.4–8.7)	0.811	6.05 (5.10–6.90)	5.40 (4.20–8.50)	0.980
Erythrocytes^c	4.48 (4.17–4.86)	4.57 (4.14–5.14)	0.375	4.56 (4.19–4.81)	4.36 (3.93–4.80)	0.400
Platelets^c	282 (228–375)	285 (230–392)	0.431	249 (198–350)	374 (177–428)	0.541
Neutrophils^c	4.68 (3.86–5.77)	5.05 (3.08–6.58)	0.880	4.03 (3.23–4.58)	3.57 (2.19–7.20)	0.878
Lymphocytes^c	1.51 (1.25–1.94)	1.56 (1–2)	0.990	1.47 (0.90–1.78)	1.25 (0.92–1.78)	0.899
Monocytes^c	0.36 (0.29–0.44)	0.32 (0.25–0.39)	0.183	0.33 (0.29–0.44)	0.29 (0.19–0.41)	0.146
NLR^c	2.9 (2.25–4.52)	2.9 (1.83–4.51)	0.833^a	2.93 (1.82–4.44)	2.34 (1.70–8.57)	0.799^a
MLR^c	0.22 (0.18–0.32)	0.22 (0.17–0.27)	0.278^a	0.22 (0.16–0.39)	0.22 (0.19–0.27)	0.646^a
PLR^c	187.5 (140.3–245.03)	193.88 (138.97–322.45)	0.559^a	164.7 (140.3–259.3)	183.8 (141.6–465.2)	0.575^a
CRP^c	0.03 (0.03–0.43)	0.03 (0.02–0.043)	0.933^a	3.3 (1.3–4.1)	3.5 (1.3–34.9)	0.371
Serum albumin^c	40 (36–42)	41 (35–42)	1.000	40 (37–43)	41 (35–42)	0.626
Hemoglobin^c	12 (10–13.6)	12.3 (10.4–13.7)	0.535	12.9 (11.7–14.2)	12.3 (10.4–14.1)	0.320
Hematocrit^c	37.7 (33.6–41.7)	38.7 (32.6–42.9)	0.580	38.6 (37.4–43.0)	36.1 (32.4–42.3)	0.386
RBC (RDW-CV)^c	14.7 (13.3–17.4)	14.4 (13.2–16.7)	0.404	14.1 (13.1–16.3)	14.6 (13.4–16.7)	0.429
CAR^c	0.09 (0.05–0.32)	0.16 (0.04–0.38)	0.611^a	0.079 (0.036–0.11)	0.097 (0.031–0.85)	0.333^a
PNI^c	46.7 (43.3–51.15)	47 (43.1–50.85)	0.849^a	45.53 (42.5–51.45)	45.9 (41.25–50.85)	0.919^a
LANR^c	13.27 (8.69–16.89)	12.43 (7.72–19)	0.852^a	13.0 (8.86–22.43)	17.62 (4.78–18.0)	0.919^a
CEA^c	2.76 (1.88–6.31)	3.59 (1.94–12.74)	0.361	3.37 (2.30–6.31)	6.11 (2.10–20.05)	0.491
CA 19−9^c	10.92 (6.28–20.84)	12.01 (6.22–41.8)	0.324	9.21 (6.52–31.10)	14.07 (4.98–37.16)	0.507
mGPS			0.700^b			0.184^b
0	46 (64.8)	15 (55.6)		18 (81.8)^d	4 (57.1)^d
1	19 (26.8)	9 (33.3)		4 (18.2)^d	3 (42.9)^d
2	6 (8.5)	3 (11.1)
TNM stage						0.452
I/II	50 (70.4)	8 (29.6)	< 0.001*	13 (59.1)	3 (42.9)
III/IV	21 (29.6)	19 (70.4)		9 (40.9)	4 (57.1)
Tumor grade			0.193		0.631
G1	10 (14.1)	5 (18.5)		1 (4.5)	2 (28.6)
G2	59 (83.1)	19 (70.4)		20 (90.9)	5 (71.4)
G3	2 (2.8)	3 (11.1)		1 (4.5)	0 (0.0)
Lymph nodes^c			0.009*			0.374
N0	49 (69)	10 (37.0)		13 (59.1)	3 (42.9)
N1	16 (22.5)	10 (37.0)		9 (40.9)	4 (57.1)
N2	6 (8.5)	7 (25.8)
Tumor configuration			0.731			0.366
Exophytic	29 (40.8)	10 (37.0)		7 (31.8)	1 (14.3)
Endophytic	42 (59.2)	17 (63.0)		15 (68.2)	6 (85.7)
TIL			0.520			0.631
Without/easy to moderate	52 (73.2)	18 (66.7)		17 (77.3)	6 (85.7)
Expressed	19 (26.8)	9 (33.3)		5 (22.7)	1 (14.3)
PTL response			0.029*			0.974
Without	11 (15.5)	9 (33.3)		6 (27.3)^e	2 (28.6)^e
Easy to moderate	44 (62.0)	17 (63.0)		16 (72.7)^e	5 (71.4)^e
Expressed	16 (22.5)	1 (3.7)
Mucosal component of the tumor			0.292^a			0.706
Yes	21 (29.6)	11 (40.7)		8 (36.4)	2 (28.6)
No	50 (70.4)	16 (59.3)		14 (63.6)	5 (71.4)
Lymphovascular invasion			0.038*^a			0.758
Yes	39 (54.9)	21 (77.8)		14 (63.6)	4 (57.1)
No	32 (45.1)	6 (22.2)		8 (36.4)	3 (42.9)
Venous invasion			0.020*^a
Yes	0 (0)	2 (7.4)		1 (4.5)	1 (14.3)	0.376
No	71 (100.0)	25 (92.6)		21 (95.5)	6 (85.7)
Perineural invasion			0.018*^a			0.184
Yes	9 (12.7)	9 (33.3)		4 (18.2)	3 (42.9)
No	62 (87.3)	18 (66.7)		18 (81.8)	4 (57.1)
Tumor deposits			0.001*^a			0.753
Yes	5 (7.0)	9 (33.3)		5 (22.7)	2 (28.6)
No	66 (93)	18 (66.7)		17 (77.3)	5 (71.4)
Tumor budding			0.838^a			0.121
Yes	56 (78.9)	21 (80.8)		16 (72.7)	7 (100)
No	15 (21.1)	5 (19.2)		6 (27.3)	0 (0)
Tumor growth			0.752			0.484
Expansive	31 (44.3)	11 (40.7)		6 (27.3)	1 (14.3)
Infiltrative	39 (55.7)	16 (59.3)		16 (72.7)	6 (85.7)
C–D classification			0.598			0.590
I	32 (45.1)	11 (40.7)		12 (54.5)^f	3 (42.9)^f
II	33 (46.5)	15 (55.6)		10 (45.5)^f	4 (57.1)^f
III, IV, V	6 (8.5)	1 (3.7)
Adjuvant CT			< 0.001*			0.331
Yes	13 (18.3)	15 (55.6)		8 (36.4)	4 (57.1)
No	58 (81.7)	12 (44.4)		14 (63.6)	3 (42.9)
Neoadjuvant CRT			0.744			0.631
Yes	4 (5.6)	2 (7.4)		5 (22.7)	1 (14.3)
No	67 (94.4)	25 (96.2)		17 (77.3)	6 (85.7)

↓ Table 4. Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer relapse

Rectal cancer relapse

No, n (%)

Yes, n (%)

No, n (%)

Yes, n (%)

^aP values were calculated by the Chi-square test. ^bP values were calculated by the Mann–Whitney test. ^cData are shown as median (25−75 percentiles). ^dPatients were categorized into two groups as mGPS 0 and mGPS 1-2. ^ePatients were categorized into two groups as without and easy to moderate/expressed PTL response. ^fPatients were categorized into two groups as C–D classification I and C–D II, III, IV, V. ^*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). TIL: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic; C–D classification: Clavien–Dindo classification; CT: chemotherapy; CRT: chemoradiotherapy; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; RBC: red blood cell; RDW-CV: red cell distribution width–coefficient of variation; CRP: C-reactive protein; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; MLR: monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LANR: lymphocyte–albumin–neutrophil ratio; PNI: prognostic nutritional index; CAR: C-reactive protein–to–albumin ratio; mGPS: modified Glasgow prognostic score.

Sex

0.892

0.758

Male

41 (57.7)

16 (59.3)

14 (63.6)

4 (57.1)

Female

30 (42.3)

11 (40.7)

8 (36.4)

3 (42.9)

ASA score

0.032*^a

0.196

9 (12.7)

8 (29.6)

6 (27.3)

2 (28.6)

31 (43.7)

14 (51.9)

9 (40.9)

5 (71.4)

31 (43.7)

5 (18.5)

7 (31.8)

0 (0.0)

—

Diabetes mellitus

21 (29.6)

5 (18.5)

0.268^a

5 (22.7)

0 (0.0)

0.166

Arterial hypertension

53 (74.6)

17 (63.0)

0.253^a

14 (63.6)

5 (71.4)

0.706

Leukocytes^c

7 (5.88–8.1)

7.7 (5.4–8.7)

0.811

6.05 (5.10–6.90)

5.40 (4.20–8.50)

0.980

Erythrocytes^c

4.48 (4.17–4.86)

4.57 (4.14–5.14)

0.375

4.56 (4.19–4.81)

4.36 (3.93–4.80)

0.400

Platelets^c

282 (228–375)

285 (230–392)

0.431

249 (198–350)

374 (177–428)

0.541

Neutrophils^c

4.68 (3.86–5.77)

5.05 (3.08–6.58)

0.880

4.03 (3.23–4.58)

3.57 (2.19–7.20)

0.878

Lymphocytes^c

1.51 (1.25–1.94)

1.56 (1–2)

0.990

1.47 (0.90–1.78)

1.25 (0.92–1.78)

0.899

Monocytes^c

0.36 (0.29–0.44)

0.32 (0.25–0.39)

0.183

0.33 (0.29–0.44)

0.29 (0.19–0.41)

0.146

NLR^c

2.9 (2.25–4.52)

2.9 (1.83–4.51)

0.833^a

2.93 (1.82–4.44)

2.34 (1.70–8.57)

0.799^a

MLR^c

0.22 (0.18–0.32)

0.22 (0.17–0.27)

0.278^a

0.22 (0.16–0.39)

0.22 (0.19–0.27)

0.646^a

PLR^c

187.5 (140.3–245.03)

193.88 (138.97–322.45)

0.559^a

164.7 (140.3–259.3)

183.8 (141.6–465.2)

0.575^a

CRP^c

0.03 (0.03–0.43)

0.03 (0.02–0.043)

0.933^a

3.3 (1.3–4.1)

3.5 (1.3–34.9)

0.371

Serum albumin^c

40 (36–42)

41 (35–42)

1.000

40 (37–43)

41 (35–42)

0.626

Hemoglobin^c

12 (10–13.6)

12.3 (10.4–13.7)

0.535

12.9 (11.7–14.2)

12.3 (10.4–14.1)

0.320

Hematocrit^c

37.7 (33.6–41.7)

38.7 (32.6–42.9)

0.580

38.6 (37.4–43.0)

36.1 (32.4–42.3)

0.386

RBC (RDW-CV)^c

14.7 (13.3–17.4)

14.4 (13.2–16.7)

0.404

14.1 (13.1–16.3)

14.6 (13.4–16.7)

0.429

CAR^c

0.09 (0.05–0.32)

0.16 (0.04–0.38)

0.611^a

0.079 (0.036–0.11)

0.097 (0.031–0.85)

0.333^a

PNI^c

46.7 (43.3–51.15)

47 (43.1–50.85)

0.849^a

45.53 (42.5–51.45)

45.9 (41.25–50.85)

0.919^a

LANR^c

13.27 (8.69–16.89)

12.43 (7.72–19)

0.852^a

13.0 (8.86–22.43)

17.62 (4.78–18.0)

0.919^a

CEA^c

2.76 (1.88–6.31)

3.59 (1.94–12.74)

0.361

3.37 (2.30–6.31)

6.11 (2.10–20.05)

0.491

CA 19−9^c

10.92 (6.28–20.84)

12.01 (6.22–41.8)

0.324

9.21 (6.52–31.10)

14.07 (4.98–37.16)

0.507

mGPS

0.700^b

0.184^b

46 (64.8)

15 (55.6)

18 (81.8)^d

4 (57.1)^d

19 (26.8)

9 (33.3)

4 (18.2)^d

3 (42.9)^d

6 (8.5)

3 (11.1)

TNM stage

0.452

I/II

50 (70.4)

8 (29.6)

< 0.001*

13 (59.1)

3 (42.9)

III/IV

21 (29.6)

19 (70.4)

9 (40.9)

4 (57.1)

Tumor grade

0.193

0.631

10 (14.1)

5 (18.5)

1 (4.5)

2 (28.6)

59 (83.1)

19 (70.4)

20 (90.9)

5 (71.4)

2 (2.8)

3 (11.1)

1 (4.5)

0 (0.0)

Lymph nodes^c

0.009*

0.374

49 (69)

10 (37.0)

13 (59.1)

3 (42.9)

16 (22.5)

10 (37.0)

9 (40.9)

4 (57.1)

6 (8.5)

7 (25.8)

Tumor configuration

0.731

0.366

Exophytic

29 (40.8)

10 (37.0)

7 (31.8)

1 (14.3)

Endophytic

42 (59.2)

17 (63.0)

15 (68.2)

6 (85.7)

TIL

0.520

0.631

Without/easy to moderate

52 (73.2)

18 (66.7)

17 (77.3)

6 (85.7)

Expressed

19 (26.8)

9 (33.3)

5 (22.7)

1 (14.3)

PTL response

0.029*

0.974

Without

11 (15.5)

9 (33.3)

6 (27.3)^e

2 (28.6)^e

Easy to moderate

44 (62.0)

17 (63.0)

16 (72.7)^e

5 (71.4)^e

Expressed

16 (22.5)

1 (3.7)

Mucosal component of the tumor

0.292^a

0.706

Yes

21 (29.6)

11 (40.7)

8 (36.4)

2 (28.6)

50 (70.4)

16 (59.3)

14 (63.6)

5 (71.4)

Lymphovascular invasion

0.038*^a

0.758

Yes

39 (54.9)

21 (77.8)

14 (63.6)

4 (57.1)

32 (45.1)

6 (22.2)

8 (36.4)

3 (42.9)

Venous invasion

0.020*^a

Yes

0 (0)

2 (7.4)

1 (4.5)

1 (14.3)

0.376

71 (100.0)

25 (92.6)

21 (95.5)

6 (85.7)

Perineural invasion

0.018*^a

0.184

Yes

9 (12.7)

9 (33.3)

4 (18.2)

3 (42.9)

62 (87.3)

18 (66.7)

18 (81.8)

4 (57.1)

Tumor deposits

0.001*^a

0.753

Yes

5 (7.0)

9 (33.3)

5 (22.7)

2 (28.6)

66 (93)

18 (66.7)

17 (77.3)

5 (71.4)

Tumor budding

0.838^a

0.121

Yes

56 (78.9)

21 (80.8)

16 (72.7)

7 (100)

15 (21.1)

5 (19.2)

6 (27.3)

0 (0)

Tumor growth

0.752

0.484

Expansive

31 (44.3)

11 (40.7)

6 (27.3)

1 (14.3)

Infiltrative

39 (55.7)

16 (59.3)

16 (72.7)

6 (85.7)

C–D classification

0.598

0.590

32 (45.1)

11 (40.7)

12 (54.5)^f

3 (42.9)^f

33 (46.5)

15 (55.6)

10 (45.5)^f

4 (57.1)^f

III, IV, V

6 (8.5)

1 (3.7)

Adjuvant CT

< 0.001*

0.331

Yes

13 (18.3)

15 (55.6)

8 (36.4)

4 (57.1)

58 (81.7)

12 (44.4)

14 (63.6)

3 (42.9)

Neoadjuvant CRT

0.744

0.631

Yes

4 (5.6)

2 (7.4)

5 (22.7)

1 (14.3)

67 (94.4)

25 (96.2)

17 (77.3)

6 (85.7)

↓ **Table 5.** Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer
Variable	Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysis
*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic.
Colorectal cancer
TNM stage (III/IV)	2.486	1.390–4.445	0.002*	1.888	1.024–3.481	0.042*
PTL response (presence)	0.465	0.252–0.858	0.014*	0.391	0.196–0.780	0.005*
Perineural invasion (presence)	2.374	1.064–5.299	0.035*	—	—	—
Tumor deposits (presence)	4.194	1.869–9.411	0.001*	3.049	1.206–7.706	0.018*
Rectal cancer	—	—

↓ Table 5. Clinical and Pathohistological Characteristics in Relation to Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Colorectal and Rectal Cancer

Variable

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

95% CI

*P values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; PTL: peritumoral lymphocytic.

Colorectal cancer

TNM stage (III/IV)

2.486

1.390–4.445

0.002*

1.888

1.024–3.481

0.042*

PTL response (presence)

0.465

0.252–0.858

0.014*

0.391

0.196–0.780

0.005*

Perineural invasion (presence)

2.374

1.064–5.299

0.035*

—

Tumor deposits (presence)

4.194

1.869–9.411

0.001*

3.049

1.206–7.706

0.018*

Rectal cancer

—