World J Oncol

World Journal of Oncology, ISSN 1920-4531 print, 1920-454X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, World J Oncol and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://wjon.elmerpub.com

Original Article

Volume 000, Number 000, April 2025, pages 000-000

Nomograms for Predicting Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival of Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Figure 1. Optimal cutoff values for age, year of diagnosis, and tumor size using X-tile software analysis. (a, b) The optimal cutoff values of the variable age were 45 and 72 years. (c, d) The optimal cutoff values of the variable year of diagnosis were 2002 and 2015. (e, f) The optimal cutoff values of tumor size were 92 and 141 mm.

Figure 2. Nomograms for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of SCCO patients: (a) overall survival; (b) cancer-specific survival. SCCO: small cell carcinoma of ovary; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Figure 3. ROC curve of the nomogram (a) and FIGO stage (c) for OS. ROC curve of the nomogram (b) and FIGO stage (d) for CSS. CSS: cancer-specific survival; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; OS: overall survival; ROC: receiver operating characteristic.

Figure 4. Calibration curves for 1-year (a), 3-year (b), and 5-year (c) OS. Calibration curves for 1-year (d), 3-year (e), and 5-year (f) CSS. CSS: cancer-specific survival; OS: overall survival.

Figure 5. DCA curve of the nomogram and FIGO stage for OS (a) and CSS (b). CSS: cancer-specific survival; DCA: decision curve analysis; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; OS: overall survival.

**Table 1.** Characteristics of Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary Patients
Characteristics	Patients, N (%)	Deaths, N (%)	Cancer-specific deaths, N (%)
Numbers in parentheses for all variables represent column percentages. CA125: serum carbohydrate antigen 125; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Total	236	173	166
Age (years)
≤ 45	145 (61.44)	94 (54.34)	90 (54.22)
46 - 72	63 (26.69)	52 (30.06)	50 (30.12)
≥ 73	28 (11.86)	27 (15.61)	26 (15.66)
Marital status at diagnosis
Single	106 (44.92)	69 (39.88)	65 (39.16)
Married	88 (37.29)	69 (39.88)	66 (39.76)
DSW	34 (14.41)	30 (17.34)	30 (18.07)
Unknown	8 (3.39)	5 (2.89)	5 (3.01)
Median household income ($)
< 55,000	42 (17.80)	39 (22.54)	38 (22.89)
55,000 - 69,999	81 (34.32)	56 (32.37)	55 (33.13)
≥ 70,000	113 (47.88)	78 (45.09)	73 (43.98)
Race
Non-Hispanic Black	16 (6.78)	13 (7.51)	11 (6.63)
Non-Hispanic White	151 (63.98)	110 (63.58)	105 (63.25)
Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander	23 (9.75)	15 (8.67)	15 (9.04)
Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native	4 (1.69)	2 (1.16)	2 (1.2)
Hispanic	41 (17.37)	33 (19.08)	33 (19.88)
Non-Hispanic unknown race	1 (0.42)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Year of diagnosis
2000 - 2002	33 (13.98)	26 (15.03)	21 (12.65)
2003 - 2015	140 (59.32)	107 (61.85)	107 (64.46)
2016 - 2020	63 (26.69)	40 (23.12)	38 (22.89)
Laterality
Bilateral	30 (12.71)	27 (15.61)	26 (15.66)
Right	96 (40.68)	64 (36.99)	62 (37.35)
Left	84 (35.59)	56 (32.37)	54 (32.53)
Paired site, but no information concerning laterality	23 (9.75)	23 (13.29)	21 (12.65)
Only one side - side unspecified	3 (1.27)	3 (1.73)	3 (1.81)
Tumor size (mm)
≤ 92	37 (15.68)	29 (16.76)	29 (17.47)
93 - 141	41 (17.37)	33 (19.08)	33 (19.88)
≥ 142	79 (33.47)	44 (25.43)	43 (25.90)
Unknown	79 (33.47)	67 (38.73)	61 (36.75)
Surgery status
No surgery	52 (22.03)	51 (29.48)	47 (28.31)
Surgery	184 (77.97)	122 (70.52)	119 (71.69)
Chemotherapy status
No chemotherapy/unknown	55 (23.31)	48 (27.75)	46 (27.71)
Chemotherapy	181 (76.69)	125 (72.25)	120 (72.29)
Radiation therapy
No radiation/unknown	211 (89.41)	161 (93.06)	155 (93.37)
Radiation	25 (10.59)	12 (6.94)	11 (6.63)
Grade
I/II	2 (0.85)	1 (0.58)	1 (0.60)
III/IV	112 (47.46)	80 (46.24)	77 (46.39)
Unknown	122 (51.69)	92 (53.18)	88 (53.01)
FIGO stage
I	53 (22.46)	21 (12.14)	20 (12.05)
II	17 (7.20)	13 (7.51)	13 (7.83)
III	78 (33.05)	64 (36.99)	60 (36.14)
IV	73 (30.93)	64 (36.99)	62 (37.35)
Unknown	15 (6.36)	11 (6.36)	11 (6.63)
Lymph nodes status
Negative	64 (27.12)	32 (18.50)	31 (18.67)
Positive	46 (19.49)	30 (17.34)	30 (18.07)
Unknown	126 (53.39)	111 (64.16)	105 (63.25)
CA125
Negative	9 (3.81)	3 (1.73)	3 (1.81)
Positive	82 (34.75)	55 (31.79)	54 (32.53)
Unknown	145 (61.44)	115 (66.47)	109 (65.66)
Number of primary tumors
First of two or more primaries	14 (5.93)	8 (4.62)	5 (3.01)
One primary only	222 (94.07)	165 (95.38)	161 (96.99)

Table 1. Characteristics of Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary Patients

Characteristics

Patients, N (%)

Deaths, N (%)

Cancer-specific deaths, N (%)

Numbers in parentheses for all variables represent column percentages. CA125: serum carbohydrate antigen 125; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Total

236

173

166

Age (years)

≤ 45

145 (61.44)

94 (54.34)

90 (54.22)

46 - 72

63 (26.69)

52 (30.06)

50 (30.12)

≥ 73

28 (11.86)

27 (15.61)

26 (15.66)

Marital status at diagnosis

Single

106 (44.92)

69 (39.88)

65 (39.16)

Married

88 (37.29)

69 (39.88)

66 (39.76)

DSW

34 (14.41)

30 (17.34)

30 (18.07)

Unknown

8 (3.39)

5 (2.89)

5 (3.01)

Median household income ($)

< 55,000

42 (17.80)

39 (22.54)

38 (22.89)

55,000 - 69,999

81 (34.32)

56 (32.37)

55 (33.13)

≥ 70,000

113 (47.88)

78 (45.09)

73 (43.98)

Race

Non-Hispanic Black

16 (6.78)

13 (7.51)

11 (6.63)

Non-Hispanic White

151 (63.98)

110 (63.58)

105 (63.25)

Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander

23 (9.75)

15 (8.67)

15 (9.04)

Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native

4 (1.69)

2 (1.16)

2 (1.2)

Hispanic

41 (17.37)

33 (19.08)

33 (19.88)

Non-Hispanic unknown race

1 (0.42)

0 (0)

Year of diagnosis

2000 - 2002

33 (13.98)

26 (15.03)

21 (12.65)

2003 - 2015

140 (59.32)

107 (61.85)

107 (64.46)

2016 - 2020

63 (26.69)

40 (23.12)

38 (22.89)

Laterality

Bilateral

30 (12.71)

27 (15.61)

26 (15.66)

Right

96 (40.68)

64 (36.99)

62 (37.35)

Left

84 (35.59)

56 (32.37)

54 (32.53)

Paired site, but no information concerning laterality

23 (9.75)

23 (13.29)

21 (12.65)

Only one side - side unspecified

3 (1.27)

3 (1.73)

3 (1.81)

Tumor size (mm)

≤ 92

37 (15.68)

29 (16.76)

29 (17.47)

93 - 141

41 (17.37)

33 (19.08)

33 (19.88)

≥ 142

79 (33.47)

44 (25.43)

43 (25.90)

Unknown

79 (33.47)

67 (38.73)

61 (36.75)

Surgery status

No surgery

52 (22.03)

51 (29.48)

47 (28.31)

Surgery

184 (77.97)

122 (70.52)

119 (71.69)

Chemotherapy status

No chemotherapy/unknown

55 (23.31)

48 (27.75)

46 (27.71)

Chemotherapy

181 (76.69)

125 (72.25)

120 (72.29)

Radiation therapy

No radiation/unknown

211 (89.41)

161 (93.06)

155 (93.37)

Radiation

25 (10.59)

12 (6.94)

11 (6.63)

Grade

I/II

2 (0.85)

1 (0.58)

1 (0.60)

III/IV

112 (47.46)

80 (46.24)

77 (46.39)

Unknown

122 (51.69)

92 (53.18)

88 (53.01)

FIGO stage

53 (22.46)

21 (12.14)

20 (12.05)

17 (7.20)

13 (7.51)

13 (7.83)

III

78 (33.05)

64 (36.99)

60 (36.14)

73 (30.93)

64 (36.99)

62 (37.35)

Unknown

15 (6.36)

11 (6.36)

11 (6.63)

Lymph nodes status

Negative

64 (27.12)

32 (18.50)

31 (18.67)

Positive

46 (19.49)

30 (17.34)

30 (18.07)

Unknown

126 (53.39)

111 (64.16)

105 (63.25)

CA125

Negative

9 (3.81)

3 (1.73)

3 (1.81)

Positive

82 (34.75)

55 (31.79)

54 (32.53)

Unknown

145 (61.44)

115 (66.47)

109 (65.66)

Number of primary tumors

First of two or more primaries

14 (5.93)

8 (4.62)

5 (3.01)

One primary only

222 (94.07)

165 (95.38)

161 (96.99)

**Table 2.** Univariable Cox Regression for Analyzing the Associated Factors for Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary
Characteristics	OS	CSS
CA125: serum carbohydrate antigen 125; CI: confidence interval; CSS: cancer-specific survival; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; HR: hazard ratio; OS: overall survival.
Age (years)
≤ 45	Reference		Reference
46 - 72	1.75 (1.25 - 2.46)	0.001	1.76 (1.25 - 2.49)	0.001
≥ 73	6.77 (4.34 - 10.56)	< 0.001	6.73 (4.28 - 10.58)	< 0.001
Marital status at diagnosis
DSW	Reference		Reference
Married	0.62 (0.41 - 0.96)	0.032	0.60 (0.39 - 0.92)	0.019
Single	0.45 (0.29 - 0.69)	< 0.001	0.42 (0.27 - 0.65)	< 0.001
Unknown	0.54 (0.21 - 1.39)	0.202	0.55 (0.21 - 1.41)	0.210
Median household income ($)
< 55,000	Reference		Reference
55,000 - 69,999	0.57 (0.38 - 0.86)	0.007	0.58 (0.38 - 0.88)	0.011
≥ 70,000	0.64 (0.44 - 0.95)	0.025	0.63 (0.42 - 0.93)	0.021
Race
Non-Hispanic Black	Reference		Reference
Non-Hispanic White	0.88 (0.50 - 1.57)	0.667	1.00 (0.54 - 1.87)	0.993
Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander	0.81 (0.38 - 1.70)	0.574	0.96 (0.44 - 2.09)	0.913
Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native	2.37 (0.53 - 10.70)	0.260	2.78 (0.61 - 12.78)	0.188
Hispanic	1.16 (0.61 - 2.20)	0.660	1.36 (0.68 - 2.68)	0.383
Non-Hispanic unknown race	NA	NA
Year of diagnosis
2000 - 2002	Reference		Reference
2003 - 2015	1.28 (0.83 - 1.97)	0.262	1.55 (0.97 - 2.48)	0.065
2016 - 2020	1.38 (0.84 - 2.28)	0.203	1.57 (0.92 - 2.69)	0.098
Laterality
Bilateral	Reference		Reference
Right	0.48 (0.31 - 0.76)	0.002	0.50 (0.31 - 0.79)	0.003
Left	0.50 (0.31 - 0.79)	0.003	0.51 (0.32 - 0.81)	0.005
Paired site, but no information concerning laterality	2.05 (1.16 - 3.60)	0.013	1.93 (1.08 - 3.45)	0.028
Only one side - side unspecified	9.39 (2.69 - 32.71)	< 0.001	9.87 (2.82 - 34.55)	< 0.001
Tumor size (mm)
≤ 92	Reference		Reference
93 - 141	0.77 (0.47 - 1.27)	0.302	0.76 (0.46 - 1.26)	0.293
≥ 142	0.45 (0.28 - 0.72)	< 0.001	0.44 (0.27 - 0.71)	< 0.001
Unknown	0.90 (0.58 - 1.40)	0.646	0.83 (0.53 - 1.29)	0.400
Surgery status
No surgery	Reference		Reference
Surgery	0.23 (0.17 - 0.33)	< 0.001	0.25 (0.18 - 0.36)	< 0.001
Chemotherapy status
No chemotherapy/unknown	Reference		Reference
Chemotherapy	0.38 (0.27 - 0.53)	< 0.001	0.38 (0.27 - 0.53)	< 0.001
Radiation therapy
No radiation/unknown	Reference		Reference
Radiation	0.51 (0.29 - 0.92)	0.026	0.49 (0.26 - 0.90)	0.021
Grade
I/II	Reference		Reference
III/IV	1.33 (0.18 - 9.57)	0.777	1.30 (0.18 - 9.38)	0.792
Unknown	1.76 (0.24 - 12.62)	0.575	1.69 (0.24 - 12.17)	0.601
FIGO stage
I	Reference		Reference
II	2.78 (1.39 - 5.57)	0.004	2.88 (1.43 - 5.81)	0.003
III	3.79 (2.30 - 6.22)	< 0.001	3.66 (2.20 - 6.09)	< 0.001
IV	5.77 (3.50 - 9.51)	< 0.001	5.83 (3.50 - 9.72)	< 0.001
Unknown	3.89 (1.87 - 8.10)	< 0.001	3.97 (1.89 - 8.31)	< 0.001
Lymph nodes status
Negative	Reference		Reference
Positive	1.95 (1.18 - 3.21)	0.009	1.98 (1.20 - 3.28)	0.008
Unknown	3.44 (2.31 - 5.13)	< 0.001	3.31 (2.21 - 4.96)	< 0.001
CA125
Negative	Reference		Reference
Positive	3.02 (0.94 - 9.67)	0.062	2.95 (0.92 - 9.46)	0.068
Unknown	2.89 (0.92 - 9.10)	0.070	2.77 (0.88 - 8.72)	0.082
Number of primary tumors
First of two or more primaries	Reference		Reference
One primary only	1.94 (0.95 - 3.97)	0.068	2.92 (1.19 - 7.12)	0.019

Table 2. Univariable Cox Regression for Analyzing the Associated Factors for Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary

Characteristics

CSS

HR (95% CI)

CA125: serum carbohydrate antigen 125; CI: confidence interval; CSS: cancer-specific survival; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; HR: hazard ratio; OS: overall survival.

Age (years)

≤ 45

Reference

46 - 72

1.75 (1.25 - 2.46)

0.001

1.76 (1.25 - 2.49)

0.001

≥ 73

6.77 (4.34 - 10.56)

< 0.001

6.73 (4.28 - 10.58)

< 0.001

Marital status at diagnosis

DSW

Reference

Married

0.62 (0.41 - 0.96)

0.032

0.60 (0.39 - 0.92)

0.019

Single

0.45 (0.29 - 0.69)

< 0.001

0.42 (0.27 - 0.65)

< 0.001

Unknown

0.54 (0.21 - 1.39)

0.202

0.55 (0.21 - 1.41)

0.210

Median household income ($)

< 55,000

Reference

55,000 - 69,999

0.57 (0.38 - 0.86)

0.007

0.58 (0.38 - 0.88)

0.011

≥ 70,000

0.64 (0.44 - 0.95)

0.025

0.63 (0.42 - 0.93)

0.021

Race

Non-Hispanic Black

Reference

Non-Hispanic White

0.88 (0.50 - 1.57)

0.667

1.00 (0.54 - 1.87)

0.993

Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander

0.81 (0.38 - 1.70)

0.574

0.96 (0.44 - 2.09)

0.913

Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native

2.37 (0.53 - 10.70)

0.260

2.78 (0.61 - 12.78)

0.188

Hispanic

1.16 (0.61 - 2.20)

0.660

1.36 (0.68 - 2.68)

0.383

Non-Hispanic unknown race

Year of diagnosis

2000 - 2002

Reference

2003 - 2015

1.28 (0.83 - 1.97)

0.262

1.55 (0.97 - 2.48)

0.065

2016 - 2020

1.38 (0.84 - 2.28)

0.203

1.57 (0.92 - 2.69)

0.098

Laterality

Bilateral

Reference

Right

0.48 (0.31 - 0.76)

0.002

0.50 (0.31 - 0.79)

0.003

Left

0.50 (0.31 - 0.79)

0.003

0.51 (0.32 - 0.81)

0.005

Paired site, but no information concerning laterality

2.05 (1.16 - 3.60)

0.013

1.93 (1.08 - 3.45)

0.028

Only one side - side unspecified

9.39 (2.69 - 32.71)

< 0.001

9.87 (2.82 - 34.55)

< 0.001

Tumor size (mm)

≤ 92

Reference

93 - 141

0.77 (0.47 - 1.27)

0.302

0.76 (0.46 - 1.26)

0.293

≥ 142

0.45 (0.28 - 0.72)

< 0.001

0.44 (0.27 - 0.71)

< 0.001

Unknown

0.90 (0.58 - 1.40)

0.646

0.83 (0.53 - 1.29)

0.400

Surgery status

No surgery

Reference

Surgery

0.23 (0.17 - 0.33)

< 0.001

0.25 (0.18 - 0.36)

< 0.001

Chemotherapy status

No chemotherapy/unknown

Reference

Chemotherapy

0.38 (0.27 - 0.53)

< 0.001

0.38 (0.27 - 0.53)

< 0.001

Radiation therapy

No radiation/unknown

Reference

Radiation

0.51 (0.29 - 0.92)

0.026

0.49 (0.26 - 0.90)

0.021

Grade

I/II

Reference

III/IV

1.33 (0.18 - 9.57)

0.777

1.30 (0.18 - 9.38)

0.792

Unknown

1.76 (0.24 - 12.62)

0.575

1.69 (0.24 - 12.17)

0.601

FIGO stage

Reference

2.78 (1.39 - 5.57)

0.004

2.88 (1.43 - 5.81)

0.003

III

3.79 (2.30 - 6.22)

< 0.001

3.66 (2.20 - 6.09)

< 0.001

5.77 (3.50 - 9.51)

< 0.001

5.83 (3.50 - 9.72)

< 0.001

Unknown

3.89 (1.87 - 8.10)

< 0.001

3.97 (1.89 - 8.31)

< 0.001

Lymph nodes status

Negative

Reference

Positive

1.95 (1.18 - 3.21)

0.009

1.98 (1.20 - 3.28)

0.008

Unknown

3.44 (2.31 - 5.13)

< 0.001

3.31 (2.21 - 4.96)

< 0.001

CA125

Negative

Reference

Positive

3.02 (0.94 - 9.67)

0.062

2.95 (0.92 - 9.46)

0.068

Unknown

2.89 (0.92 - 9.10)

0.070

2.77 (0.88 - 8.72)

0.082

Number of primary tumors

First of two or more primaries

Reference

One primary only

1.94 (0.95 - 3.97)

0.068

2.92 (1.19 - 7.12)

0.019

**Table 3.** Multivariable Cox Regression for Analyzing the Associated Factors for Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary
Characteristics	OS	CSS
CI: confidence interval; CSS: cancer-specific survival; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; HR: hazard ratio; OS: overall survival.
Age (years)
≤ 45	Reference		Reference
46 - 72	0.92 (0.59 - 1.44)	0.709	0.90 (0.57 - 1.43)	0.663
≥ 73	3.30 (1.63 - 6.68)	< 0.001	3.28 (1.55 - 6.94)	0.002
Marital status at diagnosis
DSW	Reference		Reference
Married	1.48 (0.81 - 2.71)	0.207	1.44 (0.77 - 2.68)	0.251
Single	1.43 (0.78 - 2.65)	0.251	1.44 (0.77 - 2.68)	0.254
Unknown	1.29 (0.44 - 3.79)	0.645	1.16 (0.39 - 3.47)	0.788
Median household income ($)
< 55,000	Reference		Reference
55,000 - 69,999	0.46 (0.30 - 0.72)	< 0.001	0.52 (0.34 - 0.81)	0.004
≥ 70,000	0.65 (0.43 - 0.99)	0.044	0.70 (0.46 - 1.08)	0.109
Laterality
Bilateral	Reference		Reference
Right	0.78 (0.47 - 1.29)	0.335	0.82 (0.49 - 1.38)	0.462
Left	0.70 (0.42 - 1.15)	0.159	0.74 (0.45 - 1.23)	0.251
Paired site, but no information concerning laterality	0.90 (0.46 - 1.77)	0.768	0.95 (0.47 - 1.92)	0.891
Only one side - side unspecified	5.26 (1.36 - 20.32)	0.016	5.68 (1.45 - 22.21)	0.012
Tumor size (mm)
≤ 92	Reference		Reference
93 - 141	0.85 (0.49 - 1.50)	0.584	0.83 (0.46 - 1.47)	0.517
≥ 142	0.83 (0.49 - 1.40)	0.478	0.71 (0.41 - 1.22)	0.215
Unknown	0.79 (0.48 - 1.31)	0.363	0.71 (0.42 - 1.21)	0.205
Surgery status
No surgery	Reference		Reference
Surgery	0.43 (0.26 - 0.71)	< 0.001	0.44 (0.26 - 0.73)	0.002
Chemotherapy status
No chemotherapy/unknown	Reference		Reference
Chemotherapy	0.33 (0.22 - 0.50)	< 0.001	0.35 (0.23 - 0.53)	< 0.001
Radiation therapy
No radiation/unknown	Reference		Reference
Radiation	0.58 (0.30 - 1.10)	0.097	0.49 (0.25 - 0.96)	0.038
Grade
I/II	Reference		Reference
III/IV	0.82 (0.10 - 6.59)	0.854	0.79 (0.10 - 6.28)	0.820
Unknown	1.01 (0.12 - 8.25)	0.992	0.86 (0.10 - 7.01)	0.886
FIGO stage
I	Reference		Reference
II	2.33 (1.11 - 4.86)	0.025	2.44 (1.16 - 5.12)	0.019
III	4.39 (2.51 - 7.66)	< 0.001	4.03 (2.26 - 7.18)	< 0.001
IV	3.95 (2.06 - 7.57)	< 0.001	4.54 (2.33 - 8.86)	< 0.001
Unknown	3.28 (1.45 - 7.40)	0.004	3.53 (1.54 - 8.06)	0.003
Lymph nodes status
Negative	Reference		Reference
Positive	0.76 (0.42 - 1.39)	0.377	0.78 (0.43 - 1.42)	0.415
Unknown	1.27 (0.78 - 2.07)	0.339	1.14 (0.69 - 1.89)	0.613
Number of primary tumors
First of two or more primaries			Reference
One primary only			3.79 (1.48 - 9.68)	0.005

Table 3. Multivariable Cox Regression for Analyzing the Associated Factors for Small Cell Carcinoma of Ovary

Characteristics

CSS

HR (95% CI)

CI: confidence interval; CSS: cancer-specific survival; DSW: divorced, separated, or widowed; FIGO: Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics; HR: hazard ratio; OS: overall survival.

Age (years)

≤ 45

Reference

46 - 72

0.92 (0.59 - 1.44)

0.709

0.90 (0.57 - 1.43)

0.663

≥ 73

3.30 (1.63 - 6.68)

< 0.001

3.28 (1.55 - 6.94)

0.002

Marital status at diagnosis

DSW

Reference

Married

1.48 (0.81 - 2.71)

0.207

1.44 (0.77 - 2.68)

0.251

Single

1.43 (0.78 - 2.65)

0.251

1.44 (0.77 - 2.68)

0.254

Unknown

1.29 (0.44 - 3.79)

0.645

1.16 (0.39 - 3.47)

0.788

Median household income ($)

< 55,000

Reference

55,000 - 69,999

0.46 (0.30 - 0.72)

< 0.001

0.52 (0.34 - 0.81)

0.004

≥ 70,000

0.65 (0.43 - 0.99)

0.044

0.70 (0.46 - 1.08)

0.109

Laterality

Bilateral

Reference

Right

0.78 (0.47 - 1.29)

0.335

0.82 (0.49 - 1.38)

0.462

Left

0.70 (0.42 - 1.15)

0.159

0.74 (0.45 - 1.23)

0.251

Paired site, but no information concerning laterality

0.90 (0.46 - 1.77)

0.768

0.95 (0.47 - 1.92)

0.891

Only one side - side unspecified

5.26 (1.36 - 20.32)

0.016

5.68 (1.45 - 22.21)

0.012

Tumor size (mm)

≤ 92

Reference

93 - 141

0.85 (0.49 - 1.50)

0.584

0.83 (0.46 - 1.47)

0.517

≥ 142

0.83 (0.49 - 1.40)

0.478

0.71 (0.41 - 1.22)

0.215

Unknown

0.79 (0.48 - 1.31)

0.363

0.71 (0.42 - 1.21)

0.205

Surgery status

No surgery

Reference

Surgery

0.43 (0.26 - 0.71)

< 0.001

0.44 (0.26 - 0.73)

0.002

Chemotherapy status

No chemotherapy/unknown

Reference

Chemotherapy

0.33 (0.22 - 0.50)

< 0.001

0.35 (0.23 - 0.53)

< 0.001

Radiation therapy

No radiation/unknown

Reference

Radiation

0.58 (0.30 - 1.10)

0.097

0.49 (0.25 - 0.96)

0.038

Grade

I/II

Reference

III/IV

0.82 (0.10 - 6.59)

0.854

0.79 (0.10 - 6.28)

0.820

Unknown

1.01 (0.12 - 8.25)

0.992

0.86 (0.10 - 7.01)

0.886

FIGO stage

Reference

2.33 (1.11 - 4.86)

0.025

2.44 (1.16 - 5.12)

0.019

III

4.39 (2.51 - 7.66)

< 0.001

4.03 (2.26 - 7.18)

< 0.001

3.95 (2.06 - 7.57)

< 0.001

4.54 (2.33 - 8.86)

< 0.001

Unknown

3.28 (1.45 - 7.40)

0.004

3.53 (1.54 - 8.06)

0.003

Lymph nodes status

Negative

Reference

Positive

0.76 (0.42 - 1.39)

0.377

0.78 (0.43 - 1.42)

0.415

Unknown

1.27 (0.78 - 2.07)

0.339

1.14 (0.69 - 1.89)

0.613

Number of primary tumors

First of two or more primaries

Reference

One primary only

3.79 (1.48 - 9.68)

0.005